General Reaction Patterns

Master these "Master Formulas" to predict any product in the exam.

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen Gas (H₂)

Metal Carbonate + Acid → Salt + CO₂ + H₂O

Metal Oxide + Water → Metal Hydroxide (Base)

Board Exam "Reasoning" Questions

Bulleted answers for high-weightage conceptual questions.

Ionic compounds consist of positive and negative ions held by strong electrostatic forces.
A large amount of thermal energy is required to break these strong inter-ionic attractions.
Hence, they remain solid at room temperature and melt only at very high temperatures.

Uses:
- Bleaching cotton and linen in textile industries.
- Disinfecting drinking water to make it germ-free.
- As an oxidizing agent in chemical industries.

Chemical Name: Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
Uses:
- Making baking powder (Baking soda + Tartaric acid).
- As an Antacid to neutralize excess stomach acid.
- Used in soda-acid fire extinguishers.

Formation: Heating Gypsum at 373 K.
Uses:
- Supporting fractured bones in the right position.
- Making toys, decorative materials, and smooth surfaces for walls.